Humiliation of the clergy

A similar fate befell different classes, and above all the clergy. Before the Hussite movement, the clergy owned huge estates, enjoyed all kinds of privileges and benefits in terms of jurisdiction, government duties, and had a voice in the Czech sejms. After the Hussite Wars, the clergy lost most of their estates, which went to the gentry and burghers, and at the same time lost their voice in the Czech Diet. Only the Bishop of Moravia retained his primacy in the local diet. Similarly, the class of so-called freemen, i.e., free landowners and farmers, has ceased to be a major social force. Some of them went to the gentry class, but most of them fell into the dependent position of subjects of the royal, pansy, vladyka, and even petty-bourgeois. The surviving freemen enjoyed all the civil rights of the gentry and were subject to the courts of the zemstvo and Komorny, but, as an insignificant social force, they had no political rights and did not participate in the seimas.
It was dominated by landowners of noble rank - lords and lords. Taking advantage of their political dominance, the Czech gentry carried out a number of measures at the sejms, which legally consolidated and strengthened the dependence of their subjects. As early as 1462, the zemstvo court came to the conclusion that an indentured subject could not summon his master to the zemstvo court. Under Vladislav, the court was guided by this decision as a law. In 1474, the Sejm determined that the "old-fashioned people" who had escaped from the "grandfather" should be returned to their masters. In 1487, it was forbidden for subjects to move from place to place without the permission of their lords, and heavy fines were imposed for escaping from the "dead" and for overexposing runaway peasants. Ten years later, in 1497, a law was passed prohibiting peasant widows and daughters from marrying outside the estate without the permission of the lord. At the end of the 15th century, the lords arbitrarily forced their peasants to new jobs, and a modern lawyer, codifier of the current Czech law, Cornelius Vshegrd, notes in this regard that there is no such disenfranchisement even in Turkey and other Nogai countries. The peasants were in revolt, and the Sejm legislation threatened death to anyone who opposed their lord and was caught among the rebels. In 1512, the Comorian court found that every peasant who pays a rent cannot donate or refuse anything from his property. Soon after that court it was established that the pan could take in his subjects for his needs for a fair reward, etc. Thus, the civil rights of the Czech peasantry were increasingly restricted, and Czech political society became more and more identified with the upper classes. At the same time, the stability of the Czech state weakened, its strength and ability to defend its independence and identity decreased.
An extremely unfavorable circumstance in this sense was the religious discord and the church devastation that resulted from the Hussite movement in the Czech Republic. tsescort.org/trans/france/paris/
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